Plant pathology is the study of plant diseases and their management. It involves the identification, understanding, and control of diseases that affect plants, including crops, ornamentals, and forests. Plant pathologists study the causes of diseases, such as pathogens like bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes, as well as environmental factors that contribute to plant stress and susceptibility to disease. They also develop methods for disease prevention and control, such as breeding disease-resistant plant varieties, implementing cultural practices, and using chemical or biological controls. Plant pathology plays a crucial role in ensuring the health and productivity of plants, which are essential for food security and environmental sustainability.